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How to use it
Enter the geometry of the spring, the material and the empty and fully loaded loads acting on the group of springs. You get the rate, the deflections, the solid length with the remaining reserve, the corrected shear stress and the natural frequency of the suspension in both load states.
Formulas used
Limits
This is the static sizing of a cylindrical round-wire spring with closed and ground ends. What remains is the fatigue check between the minimum and the maximum dynamic load, lateral stability, transverse stiffness and, for nested springs, the distribution between inner and outer. The related service is verification of railway suspension springs.
FAQ
What natural frequency should the suspension have?
For comfort and to reduce dynamic loads, low frequencies are sought, generally between 1 and 2.5 Hz for the secondary suspension and higher for the primary. The value is checked empty and loaded.
How much reserve is needed before solid?
The spring must not go solid even under dynamic overload: a reserve is kept that covers the dynamic increase of the load and the manufacturing tolerances.